39 - Yoshitoshi: Adachigahara hitotsuya no zu - The lonely house on Adachi Moor

Yoshitoshi: The lonely house on Adachi Moor
1885

This is Adachigahara hitotsuya no zu - The lonely house on Adachi Moor, by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi. It illustrates a folk tale, where a woman on Adachi moor, the hag of Adachigahara, preys on children and pregnant women in order to eat them. The picture shows the moment before the hag kills her captive, a pregnant woman.

This is an example of a subgenre of ukiyo-e which is called muzan-e, or "bloody prints", and displays violence, often murder and torture. Yoshitoshi created the genre and it lived on far beyond ukiyo-e, and influences Japanese art and film still today. It also absorbed erotic motives and came to characterise some branches of Japanese pornography.

The lonely house on Adachi Moor was printed in 1885. The first genuine muzan-e, however, was the series Eimei nijūhasshūku - Twenty-eight famous murders - from 1866-1867, which Yoshitoshi and Yoshiiku created together.

38 - Koryusai: Sagi musume - The Heron Maiden

Koryusai: Sagi musume - The Heron Maiden

Here we have one of my personal bijinga favourites, “The Heron Maiden” [Sagi musume], a woodblock print by Isoda Koryusai (1735-1790).

The Heron Maiden is a character in a Japanese folk tale, and often a motive in pictorial art. Briefly, this is the story:

A young man finds a wounded heron, which he takes home and tends until it is healed. When it is, it flies away.

After some time, the man meets a girl, falls in love with her and they get married. They are happy, and to earn a living the wife weaves a precious brocade which the husband sells. But there is one constraint: the man may never watch his wife while she weaves. When he cannot resist to take a look, he sees a heron at work. In front of his eyes, the heron is transformed into his wife. But the spell is broken. When the man has seen her secret, their life together must come to an end and she must leave him. She bids him  goodbye, joins a swarm of herons and disappears.

37 - Kyōsai: Tengu and a Buddhist Monk

Kyōsai: Tengu and a Buddhist Monk

Tengu are folkloristic figures of Japan. A sort of  kami or yōkai. They are something in between humans and birds and are depicted with a beak or long nose. The one we see here (right), is clearly bird-like.

Tengu and a Buddhist Monk, is a painting by Kawanabe Kyōsai (1831-1889).

36 - Kuniyoshi: The Okazaki Cat Demon

Kuniyoshi: The Okazaki Cat Demon, about 1850

Utagawa Kuniyoshi loved cats and made innumerable prints with various cat motives. Here he combines cats with yakusha-e. This is a scene from a Kabuki play by Tsururya Namboku IV, "Okazaki Ghost Cat", from 1827. The print was made about 1850, and is called The Okazaki Cat Demon.

35 - Kaigetsudō Ando: Bijin and Attendant

Kaigetsudō Ando: Bijin and Attendant, 1710

Painter Kaigetsudō Ando (1671-1743) founded the Kaigetsudō school, and some of “his” works might very well have been painted by his disciples. He belongs to the few ukiyo-e artists who never made woodblock prints but restricted his work to paintings.

As many East Asian paintings, Bijin and Attendant is painted on silk. That gives the picture a special lustre.

The musical instrument is a shamisen. It has three strings and its closest western relative is the banjo.

34 - Nobukazu: Snow Landscape

Nobukazu: Snow Landscape, about 1890

Snow Landscape, from the series Snow, Moon and Flower for the Minamoto and Taira by Watanabe Nobukazu (1872?-1944). The print is from about 1890.

33 - Toyokuni I: Actor Iwai Hanshirō V as Sukeroku

Toyokuni I: Actor Iwai Hanshirō V as Sukeroku, 1816

Utagawa Toyokuni (1769-1825), or Toyokuni I, was a very influential ukiyo-e artist, best known for yakusha-e, kabuki motives. He changed the direction of how yakusha-e developed and set the standard for more than a generation. He even influenced the kabuki theatre itself.

Through Toyokuni and his students, who included Kunisada and Kuniyoshi, the Utagawa school became dominant within ukiyo-e, a dominance previously held by the Torii school.

The picture shows an uchiwa-e, a fan print, Actor Iwai Hanshirō V as Sukeroku, from 1816.

Fans of kabuki used to carry a fan (no pun intended) with a picture of their idol. However, there were fan-shaped prints in other sub-genres of ukiyo-e as well.